Insufficient Anaesthesia

The role of codeine phosphate premedication in fibre-optic bronchoscopy under insufficient local anaesthesia and midazolam sedation.

Midazolam is widely used as a sedative agent to produce amnesia in patients undergoing fibre-optic bronchoscopy. However, if a patient does not receive sufficient local anaesthesia, continuous severe cough and physical movement may interrupt the procedure and reduce its safety. We therefore examined whether codeine phosphate is a useful premedication for bronchoscopy. The study design was a ran...

Are adjustments insufficient?

Many judgmental biases are thought to be the product of insufficient adjustment from an initial anchor value. Nearly all existing evidence of insufficient adjustment, however, comes from an experimental paradigm that evidence indicates does not involve adjustment at all. In this article, the authors first provide further evidence that some kinds of anchors (those that are self-generated and kno...

Necessary but Insufficient

Insufficient Glucuronide Formation

In the last few years the pathogenesis of icterus neonatorum and kernikterus has aroused renewed interest (Napp and Plotz, 1949; Obrinsky, Allen and Anderson, 1954; Billing, Cole and Lathe, 1954; Meyer, 1956). The discovery by Schmid (1956) and Billing, Cole and Lathe (1957) that bilirubin is excreted in the bile as a glucuronide now makes it possible to reinvestigate this problem more specific...

Faculty Development Programs at Shahid Beheshti University ; Insufficient Strengths

Abstract Introduction: Faculty development programs include all types of systematic support to improve faculty members as teachers, researchers, and citizens of universities, professions, and larger societies. Developing systematic and innovative faculty development programs is among the ways of improving the academic system. Due to the significance of such programs and their effective role in ...